Biological water treatment: microorganism treatment
All pollution found in water can be divided into three groups:
mechanical, chemical and biological. It makes no sense to talk about which ones are more dangerous, which ones are less, since all of them do not carry anything good for a person and they must be removed. Biological water treatment helps get rid of the huge range of substances and elements that were there because of the pollution of rivers and lakes with industrial, agricultural and municipal sewage. This plant is also used for domestic purpose as a water filter for home .
Biological water treatment is necessary if waste from plants, chemical enterprises, livestock complexes, ore and metallurgical enterprises, railway transport, pesticides, gasoline, oil have got into the pond. And this is not the whole list of possible biological pollution. The most serious harm is caused by oily products. Only 10-15 grams of oil completely make 1000 liters of water unusable. Therefore, in the biological treatment of water this is a special bias.
Biological water treatment is, first of all, the oxidation of organic compounds into safe substances. Water is collected in special tanks, where a whole series of activities related to the destruction of harmful substances takes place. In the biological treatment of water, it is necessary to take into account the presence of microorganisms that feed on organics. Their number depends on the level of pollution with organic substances. For example, in deep waters there are much fewer such substances, and consequently, fewer microorganisms, so they can do without biological water purification. But surface waters quite the contrary need a very thorough biological treatment.
However, it should be understood that there are no miracles at water treatment plants and any process, including biological treatment of water, has its limits. If the level of pollution is too high, then not all microorganisms will die. Therefore, it is worth taking care of your own biological treatment. If the water in your home is full of viruses and bacteria, install an reverse osmosis filter that can handle biological treatment better than other water filters.
Biological water treatment is a very delicate and painstaking process. It cannot be uniform for any pollution, therefore it is important to know exactly what organic compounds are in water and in what quantity. It is necessary to take into account the fact that in addition to organic matter, among the pollution there are inorganic substances. In the process of biological treatment, bacteria are used that are specially selected for the composition of the initial pollutants, for example, nitrogen bacteria, sulfur, sulfate, and glandular. The latter, by the way, have the ability to oxidize iron.
Properly conducted biological water treatment removes a large number of hazardous compounds: sulfuric, nitrogenous, organic substances, oil products, phenols, etc. The biological treatment of water is based on the ability of special microorganisms to absorb substances in wastewater. For this, film biofilters are used, on which the necessary microorganisms are located, or artificial ponds, where the culture bacteria are in special activated sludge. Such devices are cheaper to maintain than other methods for cleaning such contaminants.
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