In what water to wash and wash:
Ions that determine the hardness of water cause many different problems during washing. One of them is that dirt particles interact with calcium and magnesium salts and form sparingly soluble and difficult to remove compounds. It is they who, when washed in hard water, make clothes rough and unpleasant to the touch. Another is due to the fact that surfactants introduced into detergents specifically for dissolving and removing dirt and stains also interact with calcium and magnesium salts to form sparingly soluble compounds, which reduces their effectiveness. It is well known that washing performance depends on the temperature of the water — the hotter the better. This is interconnected precisely with the above processes – the solubility of the resulting compounds increases with increasing temperature. Consequently, when washing in hard water, it is necessary to increase the amount of powder used and the temperature of the water. And if you soften the water by a water softener plant?
The dependence of the whiteness of the laundry on the conditions of washing
From the presented data, it is obvious that the use of softened water in the washing process can halve the consumption of washing powder and reduce the temperature of the water, while the efficiency of washing clothes is higher than when washing in hard water at a higher temperature and spending twice as much washing powder . It shows the dependence of the efficiency of removing stains of various natures on washing conditions. The use of softened water allows to increase the efficiency of stain removal in most cases from one and a half to two times, while the consumption of washing powder and the cost of electricity are halved, since it should be washed at a lower water temperature.
The dependence of the efficiency of removing stains of various nature from the washing conditions
However, as can be seen from the figure, the efficiency of stain removal depends not only on the conditions of the washing process, but also on the nature of the stains themselves. So, for example, blood or chocolate stains are washed off two to three times better with softened water, even at lower temperatures than hard ones. At the same time, water hardness less significantly affects the efficiency of stain removal from fresh grass or red wine (due to the nature of the dye and the presence of tannins). In addition to reducing the consumption of detergents and energy, the use of softened water can extend the life of household appliances. It shows photographs of a washing machine after operation on softened water (a) and water with a hardness of 10 mEq / l
Appearance of the drum of the washing machine after thirty days of operation in softened (a) and hard (b) water
Washing machines using softened water lasted 3 years, retaining all the working functions at the time of termination of the experiment. Washing machines using hard (10 mEq / l) water failed after 11 months of operation, i.e. even before the end of the warranty period (on average for large household appliances is 12 months). It is worth noting that not only washing machines are subject to the harmful effects of water with high rigidity. It is no less destructive for dishwashers .
a – hardness 0 mEq / l, b – stiffness 10 mEq / l
The effect of hard water (10 mEq / l) on the efficiency of washing dishes and the condition of household appliances
The data presented make it possible to conclude that the use of softened water for washing and washing dishes can reduce costs not only for detergents and electricity, but also for the purchase of new, instead of failed, household appliances. Summing up, I would especially like to emphasize that water softening is a technology that simultaneously guarantees energy efficiency and energy conservation. On the one hand, the use of softened water in households allows one to reduce both the consumption of electricity consumed by household appliances and detergents for washing and cleaning – an energy-saving component. On the other hand, it allows you to minimize the cost of all the usual things that make our life comfortable (washing and dishwashers, boilers, etc.) – an energy-efficient component.
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