Water purification from phosphates
As we wrote above, the traditional aerobic wastewater treatment technology does not ensure the complete removal of phosphates and they end up in water bodies from which drinking water is drawn.
The degree of phosphate removal by traditional technology is 10-25% depending on the season.
Modern technologies for the removal of phosphorus from wastewater are:
- chemical (the effect on the effluent with soluble salts of sodium orthophosphate, due to which a finely dispersed colloidal precipitate is formed. At the same time, it is coagulated by large flocs of sediment formed during the interaction of the reagent with alkalis);
- physical and chemical (magnetic field cleaning, electro coagulation, crystallization);
- biological methods include the modification of biomass by incorporating phosphorus into the cellular substance and using it for anaerobic water treatment.
- These methods significantly increase the cost of technology. In high-income countries where these technologies were put into operation, restrictions on the content of phosphates were still imposed, since it is cheaper to develop and introduce phosphate-free household chemicals than to treat wastewater.
Where does phosphate come from in drinking water?
As for the issues of preparing drinking water, the systems installed on water utilities are not able to completely remove phosphorus and part of it penetrates into drinking water.
Modern drinking water treatment technologies can provide high-grade phosphorus removal. Unfortunately, they are no less expensive and are also not used on Pakistani water utilities. The solution to the domestic problem of drinking water may be the installation of household reverse osmosis systems, water filter for home and water softener plant .
How do phosphates affect human health?
There are two directions for the harmful effects of phosphates on humans, internally and externally.
If they are kept in water that is used for bathing and washing dishes, dermatitis and irritation may occur. For skin prone to atopy, they can lead to exacerbations.
When considering phosphates in drinking water, it is important to understand that they are part of most foods. Phosphorus is a necessary element for the full synthesis of enzymes, it is found in nucleic acids, phospholipids, human bones consist mainly of hydroxyapatite, which in turn contains about 16% phosphorus. With an excess or deficiency of phosphorus, disorders in the functioning of the endocrine, urinary and muscular systems occur.
It is worth noting that food additives phosphoric acid, potassium phosphate, as well as a large number of organophosphorus compounds are widely used in the food industry.
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