In general terms about water deferrization:

In our time, an unfavorable environmental situation in the world has developed. In addition to environmental problems, problems were also added that arise when drilling wells, and waters extracted from sources rich in iron. As a result of which, water must be not only cleaned, but also iron removal and softening are carried out   , making serious preliminary filtration. With an increased iron content, the taste of water deteriorates, and scaling also occurs, which destroys plumbing, heating equipment and household appliances. Produced   deferrization water  at a content of divalent iron (red-brown color of the water), and in the presence of water has oxidized to ferric (yellowish color). Purification of drinking water from iron is a fairly simple principal process, but its technical solution is difficult. Therefore, depending on the composition and other chemical characteristics, the use of special water deferrization systems is required , which can eliminate or significantly reduce the content of undesirable elements in general, and iron directly. Most highly effective water deferrization plants use modern innovative developments of various filtering materials that have unique target properties, which consist of anion exchangers and cation exchangers, granular fillers, sorption carbon materials. Also membrane filters, reverse osmosis systems, effectively remove iron and other existing harmful impurities. Ultrafiltration and nanofiltration water deferrization filters are cleaned of colloidal and bacterial iron. In everyday life, microfiltration water filters only remove ferric impurities. The main task of water iron removal is precisely the oxidation of ferrous iron to ferric. There are many technologies that make it possible to carry out this process automatically and efficiently in special installations of water deferrization both in industry and in domestic conditions. There are many fillings for this process, which are selected depending on the analysis of water. Industrial water purification or industrial Ro plant treatment  from iron differ in the type of exposure to one (iron) or several types of harmful impurities (hardness, alkalinity, etc.). The flow of water for processing in the system is carried out both by pressure and non-pressure methods. Often in water deferrization systems , pumps, compressors and dosing equipment are additionally installed. It is important that for the quality removal of excess iron, certified and licensed products, materials and equipment are required. At our company you can do a water analysis , consult and optimally choose a method for cleaning from excess iron, both for all consumed water and for drinking.

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Ozone water treatment:

To prepare water well and clean it of various harmful impurities, the use of very strong oxidizing agents like chlorine or manganese is necessary. Why chlorine is bad, we all know for a long time, but potassium permanganate itself is also harmful. Removing iron from water with manganese, its residual concentration remains, and it is more harmful than iron. It is almost impossible to guarantee its complete elimination from purified water. In addition, it is important that spent manganese compounds go into the ground, poisoning the soil.

Therefore, the use of Ozone as an oxidizing agent will be a very correct solution for water purification . Ozone is extracted from the oxygen of the air immediately before it is fed into the purified water. According to its properties, it is a very strong oxidizing agent, while being environmentally friendly, because its content in water did not exceed several minutes after saturation, after which ozone decomposes again to oxygen, from which it was formed. That is its main quality and the main reason that it is used as an oxidizing agent in many water purification systems around the world. It has similar features to industrial Ro plant.

Ozone (O3) – is a triatomic modification of oxygen (O2), under normal conditions it is a blue gas, with a sharp specific odor present. Translated from the Greek language – odorous. In its natural state, ozone is located in the deep layers of the atmosphere, formed under the action of solar radiation. Ozone can also be obtained in artificial conditions using various methods, but only by dissolving it in air or oxygen.

To purify water, ozone is used in many directions:

 when treating drinking water produced from surface or underground sources; in wastewater treatment; when treating water in swimming pool water supply systems, during deferrization and disinfection.

Ozone Water Treatment:

This method of water treatment has many advantages among others: deeper cleaning, the absence of consumables, and the absence of foreign impurities. As the main advantage over other methods, it should be noted that no harmful compounds are formed in water. Ozonation systems kill all germs, spores, viruses. They prevent tens of times the excess of iron in water. Ozonation is the best method for iron removal . For example, when iron and manganese are in the form of organic compounds, water de ironing is carried out only by ozone purification, because preliminary oxidation of organic compounds is necessary. Water that is treated with ozone will be sterile. The sources from which we take water contain unpleasant taste sensations and smells, this is due to the fact that it contains compounds of both mineral and organic origin. So, ozone will oxidize such compounds by splitting them, as a result of which unpleasant odors and tastes disappear. Water purification with ozone will also prevent such impurities: pesticides and herbicides.

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Cartidges of filters:

Flowing filters for drinking water are cleaned with two or three cartridges. The first step is mechanical cleaning, then chlorine and pesticides are removed, water is softened and heavy metals are retained. To do this, use polypropylene cartridges, carbon and with ion-exchange resin. But even this combination cannot purify water from microorganisms, cope with a high content of hardness salts and dissolved iron. For extremely dirty water, reverse osmosis drinking water filters are suitable . To date, this is the best that a person could come up with for water treatment, since reverse osmosis purifies water at the molecular level. Only a semi-permeable membrane is capable of this.These filters are used as a water filter for home and they have all the advance features which is required in modern water treatment.

Reverse osmosis cartridges:

The reverse osmosis drinking water filters also contain mechanical and carbon cartridges that remove solid particles and chlorine – the main enemies of the membrane. The only drawback of this system is that it takes up a lot of space due to the storage tank. But if you have little space under the sink, then the tank can be selected not by 12 liters, but by 7. In addition, the filter for drinking water can be equipped with a mineralizer that will fill the water with exclusively useful minerals. Reverse osmosis systems are serious competitors to bottled water, because it is purified according to the same principle. But, using a filter will cost you several times cheaper.

Whatever filter you choose, so as not to know problems with water, do not forget to change the cartridges in time . After all, the filter element fills with delayed impurities over time and, if it is not changed on time, bacteria can begin to multiply and water will become even worse than before the filter, and in some cases completely stop being filtered. To avoid this, you can make notes in the calendar, install a filter with transparent flasks and independently monitor the status of the cartridges. Our store takes care of its customers, so after six months we will call and recall the replacement.

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Purification of drinking water in various ways and methods:

Sometimes one sip is enough to understand that you simply cannot do without purification of drinking water. No matter how hard the water treatment plants try, they do not exclude secondary pollution as a result of chlorination and deterioration of water pipes. Even if you have your own artesian well in the courtyard , this does not mean that you have clean water. But this means 99% that dissolved water, hardness salts and other elements of the periodic table are present in your water. Before installing the water filter for home for purification  , it is necessary to determine what it needs to be cleaned from. Make a chemical analysis of the water and, based on its results, choose the filter that suits you. A correctly selected filter will conduct effective purification of drinking water, which will allow you to enjoy its pleasant taste and not worry about the harm that dangerous elements in the water can cause.

Filters for drinking water are divided into several groups:

• Filters for mechanical purification of drinking water are used to remove mechanical particles such as sand, rust, sludge and other solid particles that are not soluble in water.
• Filters for deferrization are needed with a high content of dissolved iron. Such filters are based on various oxidizing agents, which interact with iron and manganese, due to which oxides are formed. The oxides precipitate and, as such, are easily filtered.
• Carbon filters for drinking water purification improve the taste, color and smell of water by absorbing dissolved gases, organic compounds, chlorine and its derivatives.
• Softeners remove hardness salts, thereby softening the water and preventing the appearance of scale. In addition, special softening fillings of the filter can hold other dissolved elements, for example, iron, manganese, nitrates, nitrites, sulfates, organic compounds.
• Ultraviolet sterilizers are used to disinfect water, that is, to remove microorganisms. Ultraviolet rays , penetrating the cell of a microorganism, destroy it from the inside. As a result of such treatment, drinking water is almost completely freed from bacteriological contaminants.
• Reverse osmosis drinking water filters – are considered the best among household water treatment systems. Through the use of a semi-permeable membrane, water and solutes are separated at the molecular level. Water passes through the membrane, and pollution remains on the other side and then is discharged back into the sewer.
• Purification of drinking water is a kind of change in its composition, the removal of harmful elements and compounds. But the water is different for everyone, so the filters are selected individually, depending on the quality of the source water. Very often, for more effective treatment of drinking water, several methods are used at once. You can choose a household multi-stage water filter , which will already combine several types of drinking water treatment, for example, mechanical and coal, mechanical and softening.
• Below is a table with recommended methods for treating drinking water for the most common contaminants, but in any case, it is better to consult with competent specialists who will answer your questions about water treatment.

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Iron is a chemical element from the periodic system of elements of D. Mendeleev with atomic number 26. Mankind has known it for a long time, the first archaeological finds date back to the 9th century BC. The event when a person learned to use iron is dedicated to a separate story called the Iron Age. There is a lot of iron in the earth’s crust; it takes the fourth place among all the constituent elements of the earth’s crust and the second among metals. That is why iron in water is very common.

Iron in water appears from the soil. It interacts with organic substances in water, resulting in the formation of compounds that take a dissolved, colloidal or suspended state. In addition to natural iron, iron is found in water from industrial and agricultural effluents, from old water pipes, or due to the use of iron-containing coagulants at treatment plants.

In surface sources, the amount of iron in water is measured in tenths of a milligram. As a rule, it is present there in the form of ferric iron in combination with inorganic and organic compounds. Much more iron in water is found in underground sources, where it takes on a divalent form. Ferrous iron is completely soluble in water. Ferric iron, or iron hydroxide in another way, is insoluble in water and precipitates as a rusty precipitate.

Iron in water adversely affects human health , creates problems in everyday life, and just the water looks unpleasant, the smell and taste also leave much to be desired. With a high content of iron in the water, the water becomes a yellow-brown color, the color of rust. She leaves marks on the plumbing and tiles, when washing spoils clothes and linen. Such water has a pronounced metallic taste, which makes it unsuitable for drinking and cooking. To avoid this, install an  reverse osmosis water filter , which removes iron and other dissolved elements.

Once in our body, iron in water does not go unnoticed . Despite the fact that this element is quite difficult to digest and practically does not accumulate in the internal organs, it can nevertheless make itself felt by allergic reactions, which is very common. From a large amount of iron in the body, the risk of heart attacks increases, the reproductive function of the body is disrupted. And simply it is unlikely that you will want to drink red water and give your children water, wash white sheets, and get spoiled in rust spots after washing. Therefore, in any case, the iron in the water must be removed. In areas with a high iron content in water, iron removal stations operate. If you do not trust city services and want to effectively purify water yourself, then use an advance  water filter for home .

Our body cannot live without iron. It is part of hemoglobin, which is responsible for the transfer of oxygen, which is needed by all organs and cells. The lack of iron levels seriously affects our well-being, but you must understand the huge difference between useful iron and iron in water. The rusty fluid flowing from the tap will not make up for the required amount of hemoglobin. In animal and plant foods, iron is present precisely in the form that the human body needs . If you need to replenish iron, eat dishes from the liver, meat and kidneys of animals, egg yolk, fish, dried porcini mushrooms, peas, beans, soy, buckwheat, green spinach, parsley, quince, prunes, apricots, cherries and, of course apples.

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Biological water treatment: microorganism treatment

All pollution found in water can be divided into three groups:

mechanical, chemical and biological. It makes no sense to talk about which ones are more dangerous, which ones are less, since all of them do not carry anything good for a person and they must be removed. Biological water treatment helps get rid of the huge range of substances and elements that were there because of the pollution of rivers and lakes with industrial, agricultural and municipal sewage. This plant is also used for domestic purpose as  a water filter for home .

Biological water treatment is necessary if waste from plants, chemical enterprises, livestock complexes, ore and metallurgical enterprises, railway transport, pesticides, gasoline, oil have got into the pond. And this is not the whole list of possible biological pollution. The most serious harm is caused by oily products. Only 10-15 grams of oil completely make 1000 liters of water unusable. Therefore, in the biological treatment of water this is a special bias.

Biological water treatment is, first of all, the oxidation of organic compounds into safe substances. Water is collected in special tanks, where a whole series of activities related to the destruction of harmful substances takes place. In the biological treatment of water, it is necessary to take into account the presence of microorganisms that feed on organics. Their number depends on the level of pollution with organic substances. For example, in deep waters there are much fewer such substances, and consequently, fewer microorganisms, so they can do without biological water purification. But surface waters quite the contrary need a very thorough biological treatment.

However, it should be understood that there are no miracles at water treatment plants and any process, including biological treatment of water, has its limits. If the level of pollution is too high, then not all microorganisms will die. Therefore, it is worth taking care of your own biological treatment. If the water in your home is full of viruses and bacteria, install an reverse osmosis filter that can handle biological treatment better than other water filters.

Biological water treatment is a very delicate and painstaking process. It cannot be uniform for any pollution, therefore it is important to know exactly what organic compounds are in water and in what quantity. It is necessary to take into account the fact that in addition to organic matter, among the pollution there are inorganic substances. In the process of biological treatment, bacteria are used that are specially selected for the composition of the initial pollutants, for example, nitrogen bacteria, sulfur, sulfate, and glandular. The latter, by the way, have the ability to oxidize iron.

Properly conducted biological water treatment removes a large number of hazardous compounds: sulfuric, nitrogenous, organic substances, oil products, phenols, etc. The biological treatment of water is based on the ability of special microorganisms to absorb substances in wastewater. For this, film biofilters are used, on which the necessary microorganisms are located, or artificial ponds, where the culture bacteria are in special activated sludge. Such devices are cheaper to maintain than other methods for cleaning such contaminants.

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What are the benefits of coconut shell activated carbon:

Activated carbon is used for water purification, and in a variety of installations, in a variety of cases. The most primitive device based on it is a makeshift filter. Hunters and fishermen often build a simple structure of coal, cotton wool, sand and a plastic bottle to purify moisture in camp conditions.

Coal is used at water treatment plants to rid liquids of impurities and improve its taste. These are places where a huge amount of water is purged to be supplied to the population. Of course, coal-based devices there are large-scale, thoughtful and modern.

Activated carbon is also used in wastewater treatment, i.e. liquids from enterprises, settlements, or precipitation. It is used as part of the physicochemical purification phase.

But we decided to devote this article to activated carbon, which some manufacturers of water filters for home have adopted, namely, coal obtained from coconut shells. Why did this material appeal to manufacturers? For which filters can I buy water cartridges based on this substance? Read about this and much more in this article.

How is ordinary coal different from coconut, and why is it used in water treatment?

Ordinary activated carbon is most often obtained from oak, spruce, birch, pine. It certainly has excellent sorption properties, it is used for water purification, in the manufacture of medicines, for other purposes. However, coconut charcoal is more efficient, more environmentally friendly, more secure.

Due to its structure, this material has improved sorption capabilities, i.e. provides much better water purification in comparison with ordinary coal. This is due to the fact that the coconut variant has a larger total area of ​​all filtering pores. This is what attracted the manufacturers of water purification equipment. Activated coconut charcoal is used to:

• reduce the concentration of chlorine and chloride compounds in water,
• reduce the concentration of organic compounds in water,
• improve the taste of water
• remove odors from the water.

It is not surprising that most often the main filter material in household filters is precisely coconut activated carbon. On its basis, cartridges for jug, flow-through devices are made, they are part of reverse osmosis systems. Coal can be granular and pressed (carbon block technology).

Aquafor also developed and patented a fiber material based on activated carbon – Aqualen.

What are the functions of activated carbon cartridges in filters?

If we talk about simpler household filters, for example, jug filters, the task of the cartridge is very, very responsible – to remove the maximum amount of impurities from water. After all, there are no other cleaning elements in the device. Flow systems, such as Geyser filters , typically purify water with multiple cartridges. One, for example, is made of coal, and the other is based on an ion exchange resin to soften moisture.

Also, cartridges, which include coconut shell coal, are part of the classic reverse osmosis systems. There they are needed in order to:

• prevent damage to the reverse osmosis membrane by chlorine and its compounds,
• improve the taste of the water leaving the system after being in the storage tank.
• Geyser and Atlantic reverse osmosis filters are equipped with the most reliable and efficient cartridges based on high-quality, specially activated coconut charcoal. By purchasing products from these manufacturers, you can be sure that the device will work reliably.

Conclusion:

Coal made from coconut makes it possible to achieve a high level of sorption water purification. It is used in modern household filters for cleaning life-giving moisture. On its basis, cartridges are produced for a wide variety of devices.

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Chemical water treatment: removal of dissolved iron and other elements:

With the development of industry, more and more natural waters are filled with various chemical compounds. In order to purify water from all these elements, chemical water purification is used. This cleaning method uses oxidizing agents such as potassium permanganate, chlorine, ozone, as well as alkalizing and acidifying substances. However, chemical purification of water is not always used, but only in those cases when there are elements in the water that cannot be removed in another way.

Chemical purification of water by oxidation:

Oxidation is used to remove such complex elements as cyanide compounds that enter water from industrial wastewater. Chemical purification of water allows the oxidation of cyan ions to an absolutely harmless cyanate. Subsequently, cyanate appears as a precipitate and can be easily removed by filters. For oxidation, sodium hypochlorite is used. This is a very effective albeit inexpensive item. By the same principle, chemical purification of water from chromium is carried out.

Ozonation inlets and electrochemical oxidation:

Electrochemical oxidation is also one of the options for chemical treatment of water. With it, only waste water is purified. Electrochemical oxidation occurs at the anode. Acids, metals and other elements found in spent solutions are attracted to it. As a rule, ozone is used for oxidation. It is completely harmless in chemical water treatment. Ozonation is most effective in wastewater treatment, which are necessary for reuse.

The advantages of ozonation as a type of chemical water treatment are its high reaction rate, the complete decomposition of ozone into oxygen, the complete absence of any traces of the reaction, and, most importantly, the ability to obtain ozone directly where the treatment is carried out. Of all methods of chemical treatment, ozonation is considered the best water, but due to its high cost, it is almost not common.

To restore the acid-base balance in water during the chemical treatment of water, acidifying and alkalizing substances are used. The same method also removes heavy metals. In order to get clean drinking water at home , water filters for home, which you can easily buy in Minsk at an affordable price.

Removal of dissolved iron by chemical treatment of water:

Chemical water treatment can also be used to remove excess iron. It removes ferrous iron, which is manifested by rusty sediment, red spots on dishes, tiles, and gives a metallic taste. At a low concentration of iron (not more than 10 mg / l) during the chemical treatment of water, it is oxidized with ordinary oxygen. Water is saturated with oxygen using a special compressor, then it is driven through a filtered material, which contains magnesium. Under the influence of oxygen, ferrous iron passes into ferric oxide. It crystallizes easily and is captured by filters.

Such chemical water treatment is effective only at a low concentration of iron. If it exceeds 10 mg / l, then stronger oxidizing agents such as sodium hypochlorite are used to remove it. The oxidation pattern is not much different. The only difference is that oxidation with sodium hypochlorite eliminates the need for large tanks used to flush filters during oxygen oxidation. Today, the removal of iron by chemical water purification goes by the wayside. Increasingly, cation exchange resins are beginning to be used for these purposes.

Such chemical water treatment finds its application on an industrial scale and in sewage treatment plants, but at home this option will not find a place. For household needs, it is good to install an  reverse osmosis filter in the kitchen , which traps all chemicals, including dissolved iron.

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Today, there are many ways to purify the water entering the house. To bring it to a condition suitable for use, various means are used – from simple folk to modern technological ones. What to choose is up to you, we will only tell you what we liked most.

1. Boiling:

To rid the water of microorganisms in it, it is worth boiling. This method is one of the most common, a kettle or thermo sweat can be found in almost any home. But do not forget that water goes through pipes for a long time before getting into the kitchen faucet, so a lot of iron oxides, chlorine compounds and salts of heavy metals remain in it. When boiling, they precipitate, while the water itself due to evaporation becomes less in percentage terms. And this is not very good, because any impurities sooner or later enter the human body.

2. Settling with silicon:

Silicon is known for its unique bactericidal properties; it does not require electricity or any power. It will be enough to just buy a few pieces of silicium in a pharmacy and throw them in a jar of water. Ten grams is enough for two liters. After a day, you can safely drink water, at the end of the drain only that part of it that is at the pebble level. In addition to silicon, shungite is used for the same purpose.

3. Freezing:

Freezing is also often used ever since the refrigerator came into our everyday life. This removes excess salts, as they freeze much more slowly than pure water. It is necessary to pour out what has not turned into ice, and melt the remaining pieces. Such melt water is much more useful than the same boiled water, and given the simplicity of the method, it is not surprising that many use it.

4. Silver:

Its ions really purify water – that is why table silver is so popular since the Middle Ages. But, of course, the process of removing harmful impurities and unnecessary chemical compounds does not occur quickly – you need to wait ten hours. Ideally, you can put a silver spoon in the evening at the bottom of a can of water and go to bed.

5. Quite popular methods:

Over the centuries, our people have invented a lot of ways to purify water. In various literature, you can find such techniques as the use of mountain ash clusters, radishes, cherry leaves, onion husks, iodine, vinegar, coal, wool and wine. Although if you have the last ingredient, then you don’t even have to think about water purification. But we live in the modern world, so it is worth turning our eyes to more advanced technologies.

6. Solar energy:

Recently, a workable autonomous system worth $ 16,000 has been demonstrated in Israel that uses solar energy to purify water. This is especially true for places remote from civilization. The system was developed by Sundwater . According to the innovators, any dirty water entering the system heats up and evaporates, passing through a special parabolic reflector. Condensate becomes free of impurities and turns into drinking water. Each cleaning parameter is controlled by a computer.

7. Filters:

Absolutely nothing is needed for the most ordinary jug filters, which are also used almost everywhere. Only tabletop space and a monthly cartridge change are required. The same applies to the nozzles on the mixer, and simple flow filters, which are used for the purification of water. But they do not guarantee the complete exclusion of unwanted elements.

8. Special systems:

Multistage purification systems are the most effective way to purify water. They are installed under the sink, which saves the interior of huge cylindrical tanks and adds only a small mixer of a very aesthetic appearance. But there are much more elegant solutions. For example, the  water filter for home  supply system , thanks to which you can drink directly from the mixer. It is enough just to switch the mode of the rotary regulator to draw ordinary, filtered or even sparkling water into the glass. The LED display will tell you exactly what comes from the mixer, and the stylish design will be a pleasant addition to your modern kitchen.

The main thing is that the system takes up so little space that it can easily fit in a small kitchen cabinet! It also acts as a standard kitchen faucet, that is, it also supplies ordinary water. Separate water utilities do not allow filtered and tap water to touch, which, in turn, guarantees the excellent quality and taste of  Home drinking water .

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How can Zeoturb flocculant offer effective flocculation water treatment while protecting sewer networks?

Concrete distribution and sewerage networks are corroded at an alarming rate, partly due to a commonly used additive for conventional flocculation water treatment for domestic drinking water and wastewater treatment process according to published reports in the respected journal Science.

In countries around the world, from industrialized countries such as Australia and the US to developing countries such as Colombia, Ghana and the Philippines, the service life of these concrete pipelines is shortened by 90%.

Urban societies in particular depend on infrastructure support to function optimally and efficiently. Waste water collection and water distribution networks are critical components of today’s modern cities. These systems protect public health and enable the economic productivity of our communities and nations.

Why does this corrosion occur?

This corrosion occurs due to the presence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in these pipeline networks. This simple but powerful molecular compound from organic waste and sewage water is metabolized by bacteria and oxidized to form sulfuric acid. This acid has special corrosion capabilities on concrete surfaces, the most predominantly supplied material for large-diameter pipes used to create these sewer and water distribution networks.

Based on study evaluation, it was determined that this corrosion process converts solid concrete into crumbling powder with a speed of up to 10 mm per year or more in some worst scenarios. This would reduce the lifespan of an ordinary collection network from 50-100 years to just 10-12 years.

Given the capital cost-intensive nature of building and maintaining these collection and distribution networks, it is crucial to manage this corrosion process both effectively and efficiently to ensure the life of these piping systems.

What does it cost us to maintain these systems?

It has cost municipalities / townships and cities hundreds of millions of dollars to maintain, replace, and repair their waste water collection networks. A similar amount is spent trying to reduce this problem with expensive chemicals in the sewer and distribution networks to mask these problems in many cases with little success.

How can this corrosion problem be solved?

The first step is to view the water and wastewater process in an integrated way. With this method we can assess the sources of potential hydrogen sulfide and what we can do to minimize this contamination. Studies have shown that there is a surprising but impressive connection between waste water management and water treatment. To reduce the formation of hydrogen sulphide, we should either reduce the contribution of sulphate to the waste water network or reduce the organic substances in the waste. The easiest way to do this is to reduce the sulfate contribution.

A closer look at the water treatment process

Many municipal drinking water plants or industrial Ro plants use coagulation and flocculation water treatment chemicals to remove turbidity in the drinking water purification process. Research has shown that more than 50% sulfate can be the result of the drinking water purification process.

One of the most common chemical coagulation / flocculation water treatment is aluminum sulfate “alum” due to the ease of availability and relatively low costs.

In this “alum” treatment process, while the aluminum is combined with the contamination and removed from the water, the sulfate is soluble and remains in the water. The sulphate levels may not cause harm to humans, but they have a proven effect on significant sulphide formation in sewer networks.

A change in a natural environment- A solution obtained

friendly flocculating agent such as powder  Zeoturb , would mean that the sulfate source that contributes to the significant increase in sulphide in the sewer networks, it would be drastically reduced. This process change can be achieved with low capital costs with additional positive benefits for cities, towns and communities around the world.

Studies have also shown that switching from aluminum sulfate to a solution such as the GOTO Zeoturb bio-organic flocculant can dramatically reduce concrete corrosion by a factor of 35% after just 10-12 hours and more than 60% over a longer period of time.

use of  Zeo Turb water purification with flocculant powder would add marginal increases in water costs, but there would be significant overall cost savings for these municipalities and communities through the drastic reduction in the maintenance costs of the sewerage networks that would more than justify the change.

These benefits are in addition to the positive impact on the use of ZeoTurb for flocculation in waste water treatment processes that would also reduce sludge dewatering and associated sludge disposal costs

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